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Introduction: Hitting the convex, a special process technology in the surface finishing of printed matter, the use of embossing can make the printed matter have a three-dimensional effect, and the overall structure also has rich layers, adding more and more intense artistry. It is an environmentally-friendly process, and there is no pollution in the production process. This article briefly describes the relevant knowledge of the convex, and the content is for the reference of the excellent product supply chain for friends:

Hit convex (concave)

A special process technology in the surface finishing of printed matter. It is suitable for female (concave) and male (convex) molds, and mechanically applies pressure exceeding the elastic limit of the printed matter substrate to perform artistic processing on the printed matter surface.

1. Features

The embossing process is an environmentally friendly process, and there is no pollution in the production process. In today's green era, the use of this process can embody the environmental protection concept of users or publishers. The use of embossing on the printing material can make the printed product have a three-dimensional effect, and the overall structure also has a rich layer, adding more and stronger artistry. It can replace traditional fonts, colors, etc., show the core content, emphasize a certain part of the overall design, and highlight its important position.

2. Material characteristics

Template material

According to different design requirements and printing quantity, the material selection of the embossing template will be different. The template material is different, and there are significant differences in production cost, process effect and printing quantity.

Zinc plate (or magnesium plate)

Using laser phototypesetting and film typesetting, the plate-making price is relatively low, the edges are soft, the maximum printing quantity cannot exceed 5,000, and it is impossible to make embossed printing plates.

copperplate

Using laser engraving technology to make the plate, the positive plate can be made of resin or plastic material, with high hardness, high durability, clear lines, and can be used for finer graphics and lines. The printing quantity can reach 100,000 prints. The production price is more expensive.

Brass plate (or zinc-copper alloy)

It is the best material for making concave-convex templates at present, and the material price and the cost of plate making are relatively high. Using laser engraving, it can be used in mass production and can reach more than 1,000,000 prints. Can produce high-quality products.

Paper

In the production of embossing, in addition to choosing the right printing, the right paper is also very important for making a good printing effect. The thickness of the paper and the rough and fine lines on the surface will affect the performance of the details. For example, the printing effect of paper with 25% cotton and 100% cotton is obviously different.

a. Generally, paper with a weight above 180g/m2 is more suitable for embossing, but this is not a constant standard. If the paper is too thin, it will be very easy to break during embossing.

b. Thick and tough paper is the basis for the printing effect, especially for the design of printed matter that needs to highlight the relief effect.

c. Long-fiber paper usually has good toughness, and its resistance to India is better than that of short-fiber paper.

d. Recycled environmentally friendly paper is not suitable for embossing. Due to the paper's own factors, it may cause deviations in the effect of different pages, and it is also prone to edge cracking.

e. If it is a process that requires heating (such as bronzing), it will greatly increase the probability of paper breakage. Therefore, it is necessary to choose paper carefully. Related tests should be done before four-color printing, and the budget for wasted paper should be appropriately increased.

3. Common faults and solutions

1) Unclear outline of pattern

cause

①The pad is uneven and the pressure is not enough

②The gypsum layer is unevenly distributed, and the thickness of the gypsum layer is not enough

③The accuracy of the imprinting machine is poor, the negative plate and the gypsum positive plate cannot be closely attached, and there is displacement

④The thickness of the paper is uneven, or there are double sheets

Solution

① Increase the pressure appropriately and adjust the pad

② Repair with gypsum slurry

③Adjust the mechanical accuracy and the position of the plaster plate

④Mending the plaster plate

⑤ Avoid double sheets, exchange paper

2) Inaccurate outline

cause

①The engraving position of the printing plate (negative plate) is not accurate

②Inconsistent print rules

③There are errors in overprinting during printing

Solution

If the image and text of the negative plate is smaller than the printed matter, it is corrected on the printing plate, and the image and text of the printed image is larger than the printed matter (the error is small), that is, corrected on the positive plate. If the above method fails, the plate must be re-made.

3) Broken during gypsum letterpress printing

cause

①Too little glue is added when adjusting gypsum slurry

②The quality of gypsum powder is not good, and the fastness and viscosity are not enough.

③Sudden increase in pressure during imprinting

④There are sundries on the surface of double sheets or printed matter

⑤ Imprint pressure adjustment is not suitable

Solution

① Increase the amount of glue appropriately

②Replace gypsum powder

③Avoid sudden increase in pressure

④Avoid double-sheet and miscellaneous printed matter input

⑤Adjust the pressure

4) Surface spots

cause

①There are impurities in gypsum powder or glue

②There are impurities on the surface of the printed matter

③Gypsum chips and impurities are adhered to the printing

Solution

①Before preparing gypsum slurry, carefully check and remove impurities

②Remove impurities

③Check and remove plaster chips

5) Imprinting on the way to move the version

cause

①Uneven pressure

②The bonding firmness of the printing plate is not enough

Solution

①Check the flatness of the relief plate

②Check the adhesion firmness, or re-adhere the printing plate